John Cabot
Before Exploration of the New World.
John Cabot: John Cabot was one of the many European explorers from England. John Cabot was born in Genoa, Italy around 1450. His real name is Giovanni Caboto, but he will be remembered by the English name John Cabot. He worked in Venice, Italy as a merchant and a navigator, bad experiences with Arab traders probably influenced him to try to find a sea route to trade directly with Asian traders instead of the Arab traders. So in 1483 he moved to Bristol, England. He believed that Asia could be reached by sailing west so in 1493 word of Columbus' reports of his successful journey to the New World arrived. So John Cabot convinced King Henry Vll that England should have some explorers exploring the New World also, and while the Spaniards helped themselves to the New World. King Henry Vll liked John Cabot's idea, so he paid John Cabot to explore the new world because John Cabot had convinced him that it was possible to reach Asia on a more northerly route than Columbus had taken, and this route would be even shorter, that started the search for the Northwest Passage to the Indies.
During Exploration Of the New World
First Voyage:John Cabot sailed out of Bristol on his ship, the Matthew, on May 2, 1497. He landed in the New World and thought he had landed on the east coast of Asia. Now we still don't know where he landed, he may have landed in Maine or Newfoundland, wherever he landed he claimed it in the name of King Henry Vll. He was the first European explorer to discover the mainland of North America. He sailed even farther north, making the first recorded attempt to find the Northwest Passage, only to find ice-crusted waters. But when John Cabot arrived back in England, he was given a hero's welcome for (supposedly) reading the "Land of Spices." He was made an admiral and sent immediately back to Japan. Final Voyage:This time he sailed with 5 five ships, but instead of finding Asian spices, he found dark forests and rivers.
This is a map of John Cabot's Exploration of the New World
Henry Hudson
Before Exploration of the New World
Henry Hudson's life is unknown before the year of 1607.
During the Exploration of the New World
On May 1, 1607 Henry Hudson and 11 other crew members, including his son, sailed from England on the Hopewell. He and his crew went past Greenland and toward the North Pole, they were working for an English trading company and wanted to find a quicker way to get from England to the far east, by the way of the Arctic Ocean. In the next two years he tried to find a "northeast passage" twice but failed. In 1609 he sailed for the dutch on the half moon. conditions were so bad when he headed north from Amsterdam that 20 men threatened mutiny. In September he ended up sailing back south to the New York bay and sail down the Hudson river for 150 miles. He wanted to find a short cut to the pacific but he didn't so he sailed back to Holland. On Henry Hudson's final journey from England, he headed Northwest towards Canada, this time on a ship Discovery. In August Henry Hudson found a body of water which at first he thought was the Pacific Ocean. The body of water was a large bay, which eventually was named the Hudson Bay.
After Exploration of the New World
In November 1610, the Discovery became locked in ice in the Hudson Bay, Henry Hudson's crew wanted to head back to England, but he would not let them leave. The crew suffered greatly in the icy conditions. In June 1611, the crew decided to put Henry Hudson, his son, and the seven others onto a small boat, and they were never heard from again.
This is a map of Henry Hudson's Exploration of the New World
Sir Francis Drake
Before Exploration of the New World
Sir Francis Drake was always dreaming that he would sail, and he did. Sir Francis Drake was an Englishman who hoped to explore the possibilities of trade and colonial settlement in the Pacific Ocean and to find the western outlet of the Northwest Passage. He wanted to find an undiscovered continent that was thought to lie in the Pacific Ocean.
During Exploration of the New World
Sir Frances Drake became a ship's captain in the year of 1567, he lead several trading voyages from England to the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico. In 1577, Queen Elizabeth l chose him to lead a secret expedition to the Pacific coast of North America. He started his voyage on December 13, 1577. He and more than 160 men sailed from Plymouth on five ships, inlcuding Drake's flagship, the Golden Hind. After leaving Sao Tiago in the Cape Verde Islands, Drake's expedition met two Portuguese ships. He captured one of the vessels and gave its command to a friend of his, Thomas Doughty. The ships then sailed south along the Atlantic coast of South America and then they ran into some violent storms. They had to stop at San Julian. Before they left San Julian Sir Frances Drake destroyed the supply ships and the ships that he had captured because they were in bad condition. The three remaining ships sailed through the Strait of Magellan. Shortly after that more vilent storms wrecked the Marigold and blew the Elizabeth off course forcing it to return to England, the storms also blew the Golden Hind, which Sir Frances Drake was sailing on, way to the south. Sir Frances Drake then headed North along the Pacific coast of South America. He captured a Spanish ship the Cacafuego and stole its cargo of gold, silver, and jewels. Loaded with treasure, the Golden Hind sailed north along the Pacific coast of North America. Sir Francis Drake the turned south and repaired his ship where what is now called San Fransisco and named the new area New Albion. He claimed the land for England.Sir Francis Drake had planned to return to England through the Strait of Magellan, not to sail around the world. But he feared an attack from the Spanish if he sailed south again, so he decided to sail home by the Pacific and Indian oceans.
After Exploration of the New World
Sir Francis Drake stopped many times for supplies. After crossing the Indian ocean he sailed around the Cape of Good Hope. Sir Francis Drake reached Plymouth on September 26, 1580. He had been out to sea for almost three years and the voyage made him a national hero and he still is today.
This is a map of Sir Francis Drake's Exploration of the New World
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